Turkey

COBENEFITS Policy Report

COBENEFITS Pol­i­cy Report Turkey

COBENEFITS Pol­i­cy Report Turkey (Turk­ish version)

 

The Pol­i­cy Report com­piles key find­ings from our assess­ments and for­mu­lates pol­i­cy actions to har­ness the social and eco­nom­ic co-ben­e­fits of renewables.

 

COBENEFITS Studies in Turkey

• Increas­ing indus­tri­al com­pet­i­tive­ness and hedg­ing against fos­sil price volatil­i­ty with renew­ables in Turkey
  • Exec­u­tive Sum­ma­ry Update Sep­tem­ber 2022, account­ing for increased elec­tric­i­ty prices
• Indus­tri­al devel­op­ment, trade oppor­tu­ni­ties and inno­va­tion with renew­able ener­gy in Turkey
• Future skills and job cre­ation through renew­able ener­gy in Turkey
• Improv­ing people’s health and unbur­den­ing the health sys­tem through renew­able ener­gy in Turkey
• Secur­ing Turkey’s ener­gy sup­ply secu­ri­ty and bal­anc­ing the cur­rent account deficit through renew­able energy

 

More on Turkey

• COP26 Brief­ing Turkey (2021)

 

Main study results

The stud­ies show how the imple­men­ta­tion of renew­able ener­gy resources can have a pos­i­tive impact on job cre­ation, indus­tri­al devel­op­ment, health and sup­ply security.

Job cre­ation
Turkey can sig­nif­i­cant­ly boost gross employ­ment by increas­ing the share of renew­ables. Up to 61,400 full-time equiv­a­lent jobs (FTE employment2 ) in the solar sec­tor and 147,700 in the wind sec­tor can be cre­at­ed nation­al­ly through the pow­er sec­tor trans­for­ma­tion between 2018 and 2028. Over that ten-year peri­od each addi­tion­al MW in wind ener­gy pro­duc­tion leads to increased employ­ment of 6.3 full-time equiv­a­lent work­ers across the entire val­ue chain. Across the solar val­ue chain each addi­tion­al MW leads to an increased employ­ment of 2.5 full­time equiv­a­lent work­ers. While the expect­ed growth of Turkey’s wind and solar pow­er pro­duc­ers will increase the demand for high-skilled jobs, mid­dle-skilled work­ers are the main ben­e­fi­cia­ries of job cre­ation across the whole wind and solar val­ue chains, with 55 % of job addi­tions in this labour segment.

Indus­tri­al devel­op­ment and trade oppor­tu­ni­ties
Turkey, with its increas­ing ener­gy demand met most­ly by fos­sil fuel resources, faces sig­nif­i­cant risk of an esca­la­tion of its depen­den­cy degree on ener­gy imports in the future.  In order to address this issue, Turkey’s pub­lic pol­i­cy frame­work includes not only strate­gies to increase the share of renew­able ener­gy resources in its ener­gy mix but also aims to devel­op a local man­u­fac­tur­ing indus­try and to enable tech­nol­o­gy trans­fer.  By 2028 it is pos­si­ble for the solar ener­gy sec­tor to increase its val­ue by 9.9 bil­lion USD above the expect­ed 1.3 bil­lion esti­mat­ed under the cur­rent pol­i­cy, if more ambi­tious solar capac­i­ty addi­tions are achieved. Like­wise, the wind sec­tor could peak to a total val­ue of 83.5 bil­lion USD from the expect­ed 33.32 bil­lion USD in the next ten years should RE capac­i­ty addi­tions are in place. Fos­ter­ing com­pet­i­tive­ness in man­u­fac­tur­ing and clos­ing the tech­nol­o­gy gap between imports and exports in both the solar and wind sec­tors is cru­cial to fur­ther improv­ing the trade bal­ance in Turkey’s renew­able ener­gy sector.

Health
Turkey can sig­nif­i­cant­ly reduce the num­ber of pre­ma­ture deaths relat­ed to air pol­lu­tion from fos­sil-fuelled pow­er plants. 750 pre­ma­ture deaths can be avoid­ed in the year 2028 by increas­ing the share of renew­ables in the pow­er sec­tor. Turkey can gen­er­ate sig­nif­i­cant health cost sav­ings by decar­bon­is­ing the pow­er sec­tor. Health cost sav­ings can amount to USD 800 mil­lion in the year 2028 alone. Asth­ma among chil­dren younger than 14 years can be reduced by almost 1 mil­lion cas­es in 2028.

Sup­ply secu­ri­ty
Turkey can fos­ter its ener­gy inde­pen­dence and ensure secu­ri­ty of sup­ply by increas­ing the use of its renew­able ener­gy sources. Increas­ing the share of renew­able ener­gy in pow­er gen­er­a­tion will con­tribute to increas­ing inde­pen­dence from fos­sil fuel imports and to reduc­ing the cur­rent account deficit in the ener­gy sector’s trade bal­ance. By the year 2028 Turkey can reduce its nat­ur­al gas con­sump­tion by 16£% and 155 mil­lion MMBTU (mil­lion British Ther­mal Units) through scal­ing up renew­able pow­er gen­er­a­tion with­out the need to increase fore­seen invest­ment in the trans­mis­sion sys­tem. Annu­al eco­nom­ic sav­ings on fos­sil fuels and fos­sil fuel imports can amount to USD 2.1 bil­lion by the year 2028 by increas­ing the share of renew­able ener­gy in pow­er gen­er­a­tion and mak­ing the trans­mis­sion sys­tem renewables-ready.

COBENEFITS Council Members in Turkey

• Min­istry of Ener­gy and Nat­ur­al Resources (MENR)
• Min­istry of Envi­ron­ment and Urban Affairs (MoEU)
• Min­istry of Trea­sury and Finance (MoTF, for­mer­ly Min­istry of Eco­nom­ics MoE)
• Min­istry of For­eign Affairs (MFA)
• Min­istry of Health (MoH)

 

COBENEFITS Focal Point in Turkey

Istan­bul Pol­i­cy Cen­ter (IPC) is a Saban­ci Uni­ver­si­ty pol­i­cy research insti­tu­tion that spe­cialis­es in key social and polit­i­cal issues rang­ing from democ­ra­ti­sa­tion to cli­mate change, transat­lantic rela­tions, con­flict res­o­lu­tion and medi­a­tion. Since its foun­da­tion in 2001, IPC has pro­vid­ed deci­sion-mak­ers, opin­ion lead­ers, and oth­er major stake­hold­ers with objec­tive analy­ses and inno­v­a­tive pol­i­cy rec­om­men­da­tions. As an essen­tial part of Saban­ci Uni­ver­si­ty, IPC strives to fos­ter aca­d­e­m­ic research. The Cen­ter extends intel­lec­tu­al and sub­stan­tive sup­port to young aca­d­e­mics and pol­i­cy researchers through its var­i­ous programmes.

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